Integrated analysis of genetic, genomic and proteomic data

Abstract

The rapid expansion of methods for measuring biological data ranging from DNA sequence variations to mRNA expression and protein abundance presents the opportunity to utilize multiple types of information jointly in the study of human health and disease. Organisms are complex systems that integrate inputs at myriad levels to arrive at an observable phenotype. Therefore, it is essential that questions concerning the etiology of phenotypes as complex as common human diseases take the systemic nature of biology into account, and integrate the information provided by each data type in a manner analogous to the operation of the body itself. While limited in scope, the initial forays into the joint analysis of multiple data types have yielded interesting results that would not have been reached had only one type of data been considered. These early successes, along with the aforementioned theoretical appeal of data integration, provide impetus for the development of methods for the parallel, high-throughput analysis of multiple data types. The idea that the integrated analysis of multiple data types will improve the identification of biomarkers of clinical endpoints, such as disease susceptibility, is presented as a working hypothesis.