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Review
. 2000;24(4):201-8.

Epidemiologic analysis of alcohol and tobacco use

J C Anthony  1 , F Echeagaray-Wagner
Affiliations
Review

Epidemiologic analysis of alcohol and tobacco use

J C Anthony et al. Alcohol Res Health. 2000.

Abstract

Epidemiologists have conducted nationwide surveys, such as the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) and the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS), to estimate the prevalence of either the individual or the concurrent consumption of and dependence on alcohol and tobacco. These estimates indicated that for both alcohol and tobacco, use was already relatively high among the youngest respondents, peaked among young adults, and declined in older age groups. A similar pattern existed for concurrent alcohol and tobacco use. Moreover, these estimates showed only moderate gender differences. With respect to dependence, the age-related prevalence patterns differed somewhat for alcohol and tobacco, with the prevalence of tobacco dependence relatively lower among the youngest respondents compared with the prevalence of alcohol dependence. The age-related pattern for concurrent alcohol and tobacco dependence was similar to that found for tobacco dependence.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Estimated age-specific and sex-specific prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use during the year preceding each survey. The data were obtained from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse conducted from 1995 to 1997, with new analyses prepared for this article. Sample sizes were as follows: 17,747 in 1995, 18,269 in 1996, and 24,505 in 1997.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Estimated proportion of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug users who have developed clinical syndromes of drug dependence as defined according to the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. The data were obtained from the National Comorbidity Survey, 1990–1992. SOURCE: Adapted from Anthony et al. 1994.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Estimated age-specific and sex-specific prevalence of clinical syndromes of dependence on alcohol and tobacco among recently active users of these drugs, with dependence defined according to the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. The data were obtained from the National Comorbidity Survey, 1990–1992, with new analyses conducted for this article.
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References

    1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. Washington, DC: the Association; 1987.
    1. Anthony JC, Warner LA, Kessler RC. Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, and inhalants: Basic findings from the National Comorbidity Survey. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 1994;2:244–268.
    1. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM–III–R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives in General Psychiatry. 1994;51(1):8–19. - PubMed
    1. Warner LA, Kessler RC, Hughes M, Anthony JC, Nelson CB. Prevalence and correlates of drug use and dependence in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives in General Psychiatry. 1995;52(3):219–229. - PubMed
    1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. Washington, DC: the Association; 1987.

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