Anti-TNF agents for the treatment of spondyloarthropathies

Abstract

For the treatment of spondyloarthropathies (SpA), therapeutic options using disease-modifying drugs are rather limited compared to other inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is especially true for the spinal symptoms of the spondyloarthropathies, of which ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the prototype. New TNF-alpha blockers have been proven highly effective in improving the spinal symptoms and extra-spinal manifestations of SpA. Convincing data in the form of placebo-controlled trials are already available for AS and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, limited data suggests that TNF-alpha blockers might be similarly effective in other spondylolarthropathies. Side effects, mainly infections and allergic reactions, occur similar to those observed in RA treatment. Currently, there is no reason to combine TNF-alpha blockers with other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for the treatment of AS and other SpA, as these DMARDs are not effective. Thus, TNF-alpha blockers seem to be a major breakthrough in the treatment of SpA. The patients who are primary candidates for such treatments are yet to be defined, particularly in light of the high costs and unknown long-term side effects involved. Furthermore, future studies need to show whether these biologicals not only suppress inflammation but also prevent long-term bony damage.