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Review
. 2005 Jul;138(3):1185-94.
doi: 10.1104/pp.105.061275.

Osmotic signaling in plants: multiple pathways mediated by emerging kinase families

Marie Boudsocq  1 , Christiane Laurière
Affiliations
Review

Osmotic signaling in plants: multiple pathways mediated by emerging kinase families

Marie Boudsocq et al. Plant Physiol. 2005 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Relation tree of the SnRK2 family from Arabidopsis and rice. Arabidopsis SnRK2s are drawn with black lines and rice SAPKs are drawn with gray lines. Based on transient expression assays, SnRK2 proteins activated by hyperosmotic conditions can be divided into three groups, depending on additional activation by ABA. Group 1 corresponds to kinases strongly activated by ABA, whereas in group 2, SnRK2s are not responsive to ABA. Group 3 includes kinases poorly or not activated by ABA. The Arabidopsis SnRK2.9 does not fit into any of the groups due to the lack of activation by hyperosmolarity.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Regulatory network of stress responses to drought, salt, and cold: specificity and cross-talk. The common osmotic component of drought, salt, and cold leads to common signaling pathways mediated by several kinases like AtSK, SnRK2, SnRK3, MAPK, and CDPK proteins. Calcium was shown to be an upstream element in some SnRK3, CDPK, and MAPK activation, whereas PA, ABA, and H2O2 are presumed to be involved in SnRK2 and/or MAPK regulation. In addition to these common signaling events, some pathways are specific to one stress condition like the SOS pathway regulating sodium homeostasis in response to NaCl, and the SnRK2.6-mediated stomatal closure induced by ABA in response to drought. In major cases, downstream responses regulated by protein kinases are still unknown.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Regulation of gene expression in response to drought, salt, and cold: involvement of ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways. Cis-acting elements are shown in boxes and transcription factors are in ovals. Pathways I, II, and V are ABA dependent and based on ABRE or MYBR/MYCR cis-acting elements. Pathways III, IV, VI, and VII are ABA independent and based on DRE/CRT or still unidentified cis-acting sequences. Both types of pathways are implemented in drought, salt, and cold signaling. Some transcription factors like ABFs and DREB2s are stress activated to induce gene expression, whereas others, like CBFs, require biosynthesis first.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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