[Malnutrition screening in hospitalized children: influence of the hospital unit on its management]

Abstract

Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of malnutrition in a pediatric population hospitalized in a French regional hospital and to evaluate the influence of type of hospital unit (pediatric or not) in the screening and the management of malnutrition.

Patients and methods: This one-day cross-sectional survey was performed in three different seasons during 2003. Every child aged 2 months to 16 years old, hospitalized for more than 48 hours was included. Weight for height, Z-score and Body Mass Index Z-score were used for nutritional assessment. Type of hospitalisation unit, date of admission, associated diagnosis, screening and treatment of malnutrition were also taken into account.

Results: Two hundred and eighty hospitalized children were undernourished (11%) and thirty-one children were obese (11%) with no difference in prevalence of malnutrition between pediatric and non-pediatric units. At the time of the study, malnutrition was recognized in one third of the children, at a similar rate whatever the type of hospitalized unit. The children hospitalized in pediatrics wards benefited more frequently from nutritional intervention, i.e. dietician care (43 vs. 16% P < 0.01).

Conclusion: Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized children is low and the same in pediatric or non-pediatric units. Screening of malnutrition remains unsatisfactory in hospital. However, malnutrition is more frequently treated in pediatric unit compared with non-pediatric unit.