Autism spectrum traits in children with mood and anxiety disorders

Abstract

The autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) can present with symptoms commonly found in mood and anxiety disorders. The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Children's Communication Checklist (CCC-2), and the Social Reciprocity Scale (SRS) were used to screen children in a mood disorders research clinic setting for symptoms of ASD. Ninety-three patients (mean age, 12.7 +/- 2.8 years; percent male, 63%) completed at least one scale, and 50 children completed all three. The prevalence of those screening positive for a possible ASD on one instrument was 62% and on all three measures was 8%. Fifty-seven percent (n = 21/37; odds ratio, 4.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-15.11]) of those scoring in the "ASD-likely" range on the SRS scored in that range on the CCC-2. Only 16% (n = 6/37; odds ratio, not significant (NS)) of those scoring in the ASD-likely range on the SRS, and 14% (n = 5/37; odds ratio, NS) of those scoring in the ASD-likely range on the CCC-2, scored similarly on the SCQ. These results demonstrate a need to develop valid and reliable instruments to screen for ASDs in children presenting outside of ASD clinics.