Colovesical fistula--is a surgical approach always justified?

Abstract

Objective: There is a tendency to over investigate patients with colovesical fistula and to advise surgical intervention as the sole course of action. Most patients are elderly and operative intervention often carries a high morbidity and mortality.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study of 50 patients diagnosed with a colovesical fistula over a 12-year period was undertaken at our institution. The notes of all these patients were reviewed using a standardized proforma to look at the referral pattern, symtomatology, investigation, treatment and outcomes.

Results: Data analysis showed the median age of these patients to be 70 years with 92% having either pneumaturia or faecaluria or both as a symptom. There was no significant difference in disease-specific mortality in patients with benign colovesical fistula undergoing surgical intervention and patients treated conservatively. There was not a single documented case of septicaemia despite untreated colovesical fistula being present for a cumulative total of 3254 weeks. There was no statistically significant decline in the renal function due to the disease.

Conclusion: We suggest that fewer investigations be performed for the diagnosis of colovesical fistula and conservative management offered to patients with benign pathology.