The comparison of the efficacy of scoring systems in organophosphate poisoning

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II scoring systems for organophosphate poisoning (OPP) in an intensive care unit (ICU). The following data were collected on all consecutive patients who were admitted to the ICU between June 1999 and December 2004. Demographic data, GCS, APACHE II and SAPS II scoring systems were recorded. Predicted mortality was calculated using original regression formulas. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was computed with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The sensitivity and specificity for each scoring system were evaluated by calculating the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves. The actual mortality in OPP was 21.9%. Predicted mortality by all systems was not significantly different from actual mortality [SMR and 95% CI for GCS: 1.00 (0.65 1.35), APACHE II: 0.87 (0.54-1.03), SAPS II: 1.40 (0.98-1.82)]. The area under the ROC curve for APACHE II is largest, but there is no statistically significant difference when compared with SAPS II and GCS (GCS 0.900 +/- 0.059, APACHE II 0.929 +/- 0.045 and SAPS II 0.891 +/- 0.057). In our ICU group of patients, in predicting the mortality rates in OPP, the three scoring systems, which are GCS, APACHE II and SAPS II, had similar impacts; however, GCS system has superiority over the other systems in being easy to perform, and not requiring complex physiologic parameters and laboratory methods.