Antigenic comparison of Lelystad virus and swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus

Abstract

This study reports the antigenic relatedness of isolates of Lelystad virus collected in the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States. The binding of antibodies directed against these isolates was tested in a set of field sera collected during outbreaks of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome in Europe and outbreaks of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) in North America. Two sets of sera from pigs experimentally infected with Lelystad virus or SIRS virus were also tested. Although all 7 isolates reacted with anti-Lelystad virus sera, antigenic variation was considerable. The 4 European isolates resembled each other closely, but differed from the American isolates, and the 3 American isolates differed antigenically from each other. To reliably diagnose Lelystad virus infection, a common antigen must first be identified.