Analysis of nipple aspirate fluid for diagnosis of breast cancer: an alternative to invasive biopsy

Abstract

Over 40,000 women in the USA will die this year of breast cancer. Current generally accepted techniques to detect breast cancer are limited to breast examination and mammography. Abnormalities found by these techniques require an invasive needle or surgical biopsy to determine if cancer is present. The author's ultimate goal is to determine if a woman has breast cancer without the need for invasive biopsies, and do this before the abnormality is detectable by standard screening techniques. Herein, the technology is reviewed as it was, as it is today, and its future potential is discussed.