Juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with pregnancy: Report of a case and review of the literature

Abstract

Background: Juvenile granulosa cell tumors account for about 5% of all granulosa cell tumors and are diagnosed in nearly 80% of cases during the first two decades of life. Only 10% of granulosa cell tumors present during pregnancy. The incidence of ovarian malignancies during pregnancy varies from 0.05 to 0.07 per 1000 pregnancies.

Case: A 31-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to our university hospital due to an adnexal mass, 9.5 cm in diameter, which was detected at 34 weeks of gestation. At 37 + 5 weeks of gestation, a cesarean section with right salpingo-oophorectomy and removal of the tumor was performed. Histopathological findings, including immunohistochemical study, led to the diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT).

Conclusion: The histological features and the differential diagnosis of the JGCT are discussed. The optimal management of such adnexal masses during pregnancy is also discussed. A JGCT that is confined to the ovary appears to have an excellent prognosis and can be treated by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.