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. 2005 Dec 15;40(5):625-8.
doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000174252.73516.7a.

Increased risk of tuberculosis with human T-lymphotropic virus-1 infection: a case-control study

Jamocyr Marinho  1 , Bernardo Galvão-Castro, Laura C Rodrigues, Mauricio L Barreto
Affiliations

Increased risk of tuberculosis with human T-lymphotropic virus-1 infection: a case-control study

Jamocyr Marinho et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. .

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether infection with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) increases the risk of tuberculosis.

Design: A case-control study.

Setting: City of Salvador, Brazil.

Participants: A total of 375 patients with tuberculosis (cases) and 378 individuals without tuberculosis (controls), matched by age and sex.

Main outcome measure: Tuberculosis of lung or lymph node.

Main exposure: Human HTLV-1 infection.

Results: The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection was 4.27% (16/375) in patients with tuberculosis and 1.32% (5/378) in controls, resulting in a crude odds ratio of 3.31 (95% CI, 1.20-9.13) and an adjusted odds ratio of 3.01 (95% CI, 1.06-8.58).

Conclusion: HTLV-1 infection is associated with a first diagnosis of tuberculosis. This may have implications for tuberculosis control in places with high prevalence of HTLV-1.

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