Pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders and restless legs syndrome: how children are different

Abstract

Sleep-related breathing disorders and restless legs syndrome have traditionally been felt to affect primarily adults. Recent research suggests that these conditions are surprisingly common in children as well, and that clinical manifestations may differ considerably from those seen in adults. This review summarizes the clinical characteristics, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders and restless legs syndrome in children. Particular emphasis is placed on recent research and on how the presentation and treatment of these conditions are different in children compared with adults.