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Review
. 2005 Nov 26;331(7527):1244-7.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7527.1244.

Treatment of bites by adders and exotic venomous snakes

David A Warrell  1
Affiliations
Review

Treatment of bites by adders and exotic venomous snakes

David A Warrell. BMJ. .

Erratum in

  • BMJ. 2006 Jan 21;332(7534):151
No abstract available

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
Adder or viper (Vipera berus)
Fig 2
Fig 2
Extensive swelling of the bitten limb in a child, 24 hours after the bite, showing bruising
Fig 3
Fig 3
Generalised swelling and bruising of the whole body in an infant (courtesy of Hans Persson, Stockholm)
Fig 4
Fig 4
Chest radiograph showing interstitial pulmonary haemorrhage in a child bitten three days earlier (courtesy of R Pugh, Hull)
Fig 5
Fig 5
Pressure-immobilisation method
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Reid HA. Adder bites in Britain. BMJ 1976;2: 153-6. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gillissen A, Theakston RD, Barth J, May B, Krieg M, Warrell DA.. Neurotoxicity, haemostatic disturbances and haemolytic anaemia after a bite by a Tunisian saw-scaled or carpet viper (Echis “pyramidum”-complex): failure of antivenom treatment. Toxicon 1994;32: 937. - PubMed
    1. Schneemann M, Cathomas R, Laidlow ST, El Nahas AM, Theakston RD, Warrell DA. Life-threatening envenoming by the Saharan horned viper (Cerastes cerastes) causing micro-angiopathic haemolysis, coagulopathy and acute renal failure: clinical cases and review. Q J Med 2004;97: 717-27. - PubMed
    1. Reid HA. Bites by foreign venomous snakes in Britain. BMJ 1978;1: 1598-600. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Persson H, Irestedt B. A study of 136 cases of adder bite treated in Swedish hospitals during one year. Acta Med Scand 1981;210: 433-9. - PubMed