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. 2005 Oct;11(10):1522-6.
doi: 10.3201/eid1110.050431.

New measles genotype, Uganda

Apollo Muwonge  1 , Miriam Nanyunja, Paul A Rota, Josephine Bwogi, Luis Lowe, Stephanie L Liffick, William J Bellini, Sempala Sylvester
Affiliations

New measles genotype, Uganda

Apollo Muwonge et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Oct.

Abstract

We report the first genetic characterization of wildtype measles viruses from Uganda. Thirty-six virus isolates from outbreaks in 6 districts were analyzed from 2000 to 2002. Analyses of sequences of the nucleoprotein (N) and hemagglutinin (H) genes showed that the Ugandan isolates were all closely related, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that these viruses were members of a unique group within clade D. Sequences of the Ugandan viruses were not closely related to any of the World Health Organization reference sequences representing the 22 currently recognized genotypes. The minimum nucleotide divergence between the Ugandan viruses and the most closely related reference strain, genotype D2, was 3.1% for the N gene and 2.6% for the H gene. Therefore, Ugandan viruses should be considered a new, proposed genotype (d10). This new sequence information will expand the utility of molecular epidemiologic techniques for describing measles transmission patterns in eastern Africa.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of Uganda showing districts where measles virus isolates were obtained from 2000 to 2002.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of nucleoprotein genes (450 nucleotides) of wildtype measles viruses isolated in Uganda during 2000–2002. The unrooted tree shows sequences from Ugandan viruses compared with World Health Organization reference strains for each genotype. Genotype designation is in bold.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of hemagglutinin genes of wildtype measles viruses isolated in Uganda during 2000–2002. The unrooted tree shows sequences from the Ugandan viruses compared with World Health Organization reference strains for each genotype. Genotype designation is in bold.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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