[Medico-economic assessment of two methods for implementing thyroid testing guidelines]

Abstract

Background: To compare independent and combined effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two implementation interventions of guidelines for ordering thyroid function tests. The two implementation interventions were a Memorandum Pocket Card (MPC) and a Test Request Form (TRF). Intervention groups were wards.

Methods: The study used an experimental 2*2 factorial design with matching hospitals according to size and activity and wards according to pre-intervention appropriateness for test ordering. Four ward groups were established: the dual intervention group, the order form group, the pocket card group and the control group. Physicians in all groups received guidelines and were invited to a local information meeting. The main outcome measure of effectiveness was the Guideline Conformity Rate (GCR). The cost-effectiveness ratio was the cost difference between the tested intervention and the control intervention upon effectiveness difference between the tested intervention and the control intervention.

Results: Six hospitals participated in the study (two middle-sized hospitals, two small-sized hospitals and two psychiatric hospitals). A total of 1412 orders for thyroid function tests were collected. GCR was 78% in the dual intervention group, 83% in the order form group, 73% in the pocket card group and 62% in the control group. The interaction between TRF and MPC was not significant (B=-0.70, p=0.21). Compared to simple information, TRF was effective in increasing GCR (OR=2.65, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.52-4.62), unlike MPC (OR=1.28, CI: 0.75-2.19). TRF was the less expensive and the most effective intervention.

Conclusion: Using a robust design, our study shows a greater effectiveness of TRF than MPC and their association in implementing thyroid function test guidelines. The development of clinical practice improvement projects through the second procedure of accreditation in France is a good opportunity to develop a guidelines implementation research project.