Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2002 Apr;15(2):221-3.
doi: 10.1080/08998280.2002.11927843.

Twin pregnancy, dyspnea, cyanosis, and a heart murmur

Omar K Hallak  1 , Frederick R Helmcke, St Marshall Amant, Daniel Bayhi, Lisa Diethelm, Glenn P Kelley, D Luke Clancy
Affiliations

Twin pregnancy, dyspnea, cyanosis, and a heart murmur

Omar K Hallak et al. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2002 Apr.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Electrocardiogram shows frequent ventricular premature complexes, long P-R interval, left atrial enlargement with left axis deviation of the P waves, left anterior fascicular block, and right ventricular enlargement.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Two-dimensional echocardiographic frames in the (a) apical 4-chamber and (b) subcostal views. The atrial septum is completely absent, and the common atrium is large. There is a common atrioventricular valve with separate left and right orifices. Markers are spaced at 1-cm intervals. HEPV indicates hepatic vein; IVC, inferior vena cava; LV, left ventricle; PV, pulmonary vein; RV, right ventricle.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Posteroanterior and (b) left lateral chest roentgenograms; A indicates dilated azygos vein; p, dilated pulmonary trunk.
Figure 4
Figure 4
An angiogram: the catheter passes up the azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava to the superior vena. From there its course is through the common atrium and the left-sided orifice of the common atrioventricular valve, out the long and narrow (so-called goose neck) left ventricular outflow tract into a slightly dilated ascending aorta.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Hancock EW. Coronary sinus rhythm in sinus venous defect and persistent left superior vena cava. Am J Cardiol. 1964;14:608–615. - PubMed
    1. Thomas HM, Jr, Spicer MJ, Nelson WP. Evaluation of P wave axis in distinguishing anatomical site of atrial septal defect. Br Heart J. 1973;35:738–742. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Munoz-Armas S, Gorrin JR, Anselmi G, Hernandez PB, Anselmi A. Single atrium. Embryologic, anatomic, electrocardiographic and other diagnostic features. Am J Cardiol. 1968;21:639–652. - PubMed
    1. Hung JS, Ritter DG, Feldt RH, Kincaid OW. Electrocardiographic and angiographic features of common atrium. Chest. 1973;63:970–975. - PubMed
    1. Ellis FH, Jr, Kirklin JW, Swan HJC, DuShane JW, Edwards JE. Diagnosis and surgical treatment of common atrium (cor triloculare—biventriculare) Surgery. 1959;45:160–172. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources