Telmisartan/Hydrochlorothiazide in comparison with losartan/hydrochlorothiazide in managing patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension

Abstract

Hypertension is risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and stroke. A critical surge in blood pressure occurs during the early morning hours coincident with increased incidences of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke and sudden cardiac death. This suggests that, in patients with hypertension, it may be important to maintain the efficacy of antihypertensive medication over the 24-h dosing interval, especially in the risky early morning hours. In order to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacies of fixed-dose combinations of angiotensin II receptor blockers with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 mg, a multicenter, randomized, prospective, open-label, blinded-endpoint study was performed in 805 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension randomized to once-daily treatment with telmisartan 40 mg plus HCTZ (T40/H12.5), losartan 50 mg plus HCTZ (L50/H12.5), or telmisartan 80 mg plus HCTZ (T80/H12.5), with the primary objective of comparing T40/H12.5 with L50/H12.5 and evaluating the additional response of T80/H12.5. Efficacy was assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), clinic seated cuff sphygmomanometry and calculated responder rates after 6 weeks' active treatment. The primary endpoint was reduction from baseline in the last 6-h mean (relative to dosing) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measured using 24-h ABPM. Compared with the L50/H12.5 group, the mean reductions in the last 6-h mean DBP for the T40/H12.5 and T80/H12.5 groups were significantly greater: -2.0 mmHg (p=0.0031) and -2.8 mmHg (p=0.0003), respectively. We conclude that T40/H12.5 provided clinically and statistically significantly superior blood pressure reductions compared with L50/H12.5 during the last 6 h of the 24-h dosing interval, which corresponds to the high-risk early-morning hours, and that T80/H12.5 provided additional blood pressure reductions.