Patency assessment of the internal jugular vein after neck dissection

Abstract

Twenty-seven patients with oral malignant tumours, who underwent neck dissection with preservation of the internal jugular vein (IJV), were studied retrospectively to evaluate patency of the IJV. Twenty-three patients underwent ablative surgery of the primary lesion with neck dissection and 4 underwent neck dissection alone. Three patients received simple closure and skin grafting of the primary lesion, and 20 received reconstruction surgery (4 platysma flaps, 3 radial forearm flaps, 3 lateral upper arm flaps, 2 pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps and 8 rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps). The maximum and minimum diameters of the IJV as measured on computed tomographic (CT) scans were used to assess patency. The cross-sectional area of the IJV and the ratio of its long axis to short axis (L/S ratio) were calculated. The relation between the change in IJV status and the type of flap used for reconstruction was also examined. Occlusion of the IJV was present in 3.7% of the patients, and 'narrowing' was present in 63.6%. The size of the flap significantly correlated with 'narrowing' of the IJV, suggesting that 'narrowing' was caused mainly by compression due to the flap.