High positive sentinel node identification rate by EORTC melanoma group protocol. Prognostic indicators of metastatic patterns after sentinel node biopsy in melanoma

Abstract

Methods to work-up sentinel nodes (SN) vary considerably between institutes. This single institution study evaluated the positive SN-identification rate of the EORTC Melanoma Group (MG) protocol and investigated the prognostic value of the SN status regarding disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and evaluated the locoregional control after the SN procedure. Multivariate and univariate analyses using Cox's proportional hazard regression model was employed to assess the prognostic value of covariates regarding DFS and OS. The positive SN-identification rate was 29% at a median Breslow thickness of 2.00 mm and the false-negative rate was 9.4%. Breslow thickness and ulceration of the primary correlated with SN status. SN status, ulceration and site of the primary tumour correlated with DFS. SN status and ulceration of the primary correlated with OS. The in-transit metastasis rate correlated with SN-positivity, Breslow thickness and ulceration. Projected 3-year OS was 95% in SN-negative and 74% in SN-positive patients. Transhilar bivalving of the SN with step sections from the central planes is simple and had a high SN-positive detection rate of about 30%. The SN status is the most important predictive value for DFS and OS. In-transit metastasis rates correlated with SN-positivity, Breslow thickness and ulceration of the primary.