Cognitive executive function in Down's syndrome

Abstract

Objectives: The study investigated executive function in adults with Down's syndrome.

Design: Participants with Down's syndrome (N=26) were compared with non-Down syndrome learning disabled participants (N=26).

Method: The two group's performance on a range of tests of executive function were compared. Groups were matched on age and a measure of vocabulary.

Results: The Down's syndrome group performed at a significantly lower level on a number of tests of executive function.

Conclusion: It is suggested that impaired executive function in Down's syndrome is due to abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex in Down's syndrome. Tests of executive function may be sensitive to cognitive changes with the onset of dementia in people with Down's syndrome. Longitudinal studies examining changes in executive function in people with Down's syndrome are recommended.