Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2005 Dec;11(12):1887-93.
doi: 10.3201/eid1112.050908.

Pandemic strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O

Nick J Knowles  1 , Alan R Samuel, Paul R Davies, Rebecca J Midgley, Jean-François Valarcher
Affiliations

Pandemic strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O

Nick J Knowles et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Dec.

Abstract

A particular genetic lineage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O, which we have named the PanAsia strain, was responsible for an explosive pandemic in Asia and extended to parts of Africa and Europe from 1998 to 2001. In 2000 and 2001, this virus strain caused outbreaks in the Republic of Korea, Japan, Russia, Mongolia, South Africa, the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, France, and the Netherlands, countries which last experienced FMD outbreaks decades before (ranging from 1934 for Korea to 1984 for the Netherlands). Although the virus has been controlled in all of these normally FMD-free or sporadically infected countries, it appears to be established throughout much of southern Asia, with geographically separated lineages evolving independently. A pandemic such as this is a rare phenomenon but demonstrates the ability of newly emerging FMDV strains to spread rapidly throughout a wide region and invade countries previously free from the disease.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Midpoint–rooted neighbor-joining tree showing the relationships between the 339 VP1 sequences studied. Only the tree structure is shown; details of the boxes labeled A to C are shown in Figures 2–4.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Midpoint-rooted neighbor-joining tree showing the Cathay, Europe-South America (Euro-SA), Indonesia-1 (ISA-1), Indonesia-2 (ISA-2), West Africa (WA), East Africa 1 (EA-1), East Africa 2 (EA-2), and East Africa 3 (EA-3) topotypes. Only bootstrap values >70% are shown.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Midpoint-rooted neighbor-joining tree showing the PanAsia strain. Only bootstrap values >70% are shown.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Midpoint-rooted neighbor-joining tree showing the Middle East–South Asia (ME-SA) topotype (except the PanAsia strain). Only bootstrap values >70% are shown.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Thomson GR. Foot-and-mouth disease. In: Coetzer JAW, Thomson G R, Tustin RC, Kriek NPJ, editors. Infectious diseases of livestock with special reference to southern Africa. Vol. 2. Cape Town: Oxford University Press; 1994. p. 825–52.
    1. Ferris NP, Donaldson AI. The World Reference Laboratory for Foot-and-Mouth Disease: a review of thirty-three years of activity (1958-1991). Rev Sci Tech. 1992;11:657–84. - PubMed
    1. Yang PC, Chu RM, Chung WB, Sung HT. Epidemiological characteristics and financial costs of the 1997 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Taiwan. Vet Rec. 1999;145:731–4. - PubMed
    1. Scudamore JM, Harris DM. Control of foot-and-mouth disease: lessons from the experience of the outbreak in Great Britain in 2001. Rev Sci Tech. 2002;21:699–710. - PubMed
    1. Thompson D, Muriel P, Russell D, Osborne P, Bromley A, Rowland M, et al. Economic costs of the foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in the United Kingdom in 2001. Rev Sci Tech. 2002;21:675–87. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources