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. 2006 Feb 23:6:44.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-44.

The impact of ambient temperature on mortality among the urban population in Skopje, Macedonia during the period 1996-2000

Vladimir T Kendrovski  1
Affiliations

The impact of ambient temperature on mortality among the urban population in Skopje, Macedonia during the period 1996-2000

Vladimir T Kendrovski. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: This study assesses the relationship between daily numbers of deaths and variations in ambient temperature within the city of Skopje, R. Macedonia.

Methods: The daily number of deaths from all causes, during the period 1996-2000, as well as those deaths from cardiovascular diseases, occurring within the city of Skopje were related to the average daily temperature on the same day using Multiple Regression statistical analyses. Temperature was measured within the regression model as two complementary variables: 'Warm' and 'Cold'. Excess winter mortality was calculated as winter deaths (deaths occurring in December to March) minus the average of non-winter deaths (April to July of the current year and August to November of the previous year).

Results: In this study the average daily total of deaths was 7% and 13% greater in the cold when compared to the whole period and warm period respectively. The same relationship was noticed for deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases. The Regression Beta Coefficient (b = -0.19) for the total mortality as a function of the temperature in Skopje during the period 1996-2000 was statistically significant with negative connotation as was the circulatory mortality due to average temperature (statistically significant regression Beta coefficient (b = -0.24)). A measure of this increase is provided, on an annual basis, in the form of the excess winter mortality figure.

Conclusion: Mortality with in the city of Skopje displayed a marked seasonality, with peaks in the winter and relative troughs in the summer.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The distribution of average daily number of deaths from all causes for the period 1996–2000 in Skopje by months.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The relationship between average daily number deaths from all causes and average monthly temperature for the period 1996–2000.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Scatter diagram for all cause daily mortality and mean daily temperature, Skopje, 1996–2000.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Scatter diagram for all cause daily mortality and mean daily temperature, Skopje, warm months, 1996–2000.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Scatter diagram for all cause daily mortality and mean daily temperature, Skopje, cold months, 1996–2000.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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