Intraocular crystals in HIV-related hypergammaglobulinemia

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the occurrence of bilateral iris and retinal crystals in a patient with benign HIV-related gammopathy.

Design: Observational case report.

Methods: A 45-year-old HIV-positive male with a known, benign hypergammaglobulinemia was referred for routine ophthalmic assessment because of right ophthalmic zoster.

Results: Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed the presence of bilateral, multiple, refractile iris and macular crystals. No other signs of uveitis or stigmata of HIV were found.

Conclusion: Intraocular crystals are a rare finding, usually seen in chronic uveitis with or without hypergammaglobulinemia. This finding has not been previously described in non-inflamed eyes, nor as an ocular manifestation of HIV. We hypothesize that HIV-related disruption of the blood-aqueous and blood-retinal barriers allows intraocular immunoglobulin deposition in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia.