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Review
. 2006 Mar;72(3):1729-38.
doi: 10.1128/AEM.72.3.1729-1738.2006.

Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics

Máire Begley  1 , Colin Hill, Cormac G M Gahan
Affiliations
Review

Bile salt hydrolase activity in probiotics

Máire Begley et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Mar.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
(A) Chemical structure of bile acids. Primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol and are conjugated with either glycine or taurine prior to secretion. The carboxyl group of the bile acid and the amino group of the amino acid are linked by an amide bond. (B) Reaction catalyzed by BSH enzymes. BSHs cleave the peptide linkage of bile acids, which results in removal of the amino acid group from the steroid core. The resulting unconjugated bile acids precipitate at low pH. (C) Detection of BSH activity (as described in reference 18). L. plantarum, which was grown overnight in MRS broth, was streaked onto MRS (Difco) agar (A) or MRS agar supplemented with 0.2% (wt/vol) glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA; Sigma) (B) and incubated anaerobically for 48 h. The white precipitates around colonies and the clearing of the medium are indicative of BSH activity (see reference 18).
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
CLUSTAL alignment of BSHs. Protein sequences were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information site (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). Alignments were performed by using CLUSTAL W (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw/). Those amino acids thought to be involved in catalysis (Cys-1, Asp-21, Tyr-82, Asn-175, and Arg-228) are boxed. Identical amino acids are marked by an asterisk, conserved substitutions are marked by two dots, and semiconserved substitutions are marked by a single dot. BB, Bifidobacterium bifidum (AAT11513 [50]); BL, Bifidobacterium longum (AAF67801 [88]); CP, Clostridium perfringens (P54965 [14]); LA, Lactobacillus acidophilus (AAD03709 [31]); LJ, Lactobacillus johnsonii (AAG22541 [31]); LP, Lactobacillus plantarum (AAB24746 [13]); LM, Listeria monocytogenes (CAD00145 [5, 27]); and BS, Bacillus sphaericus (P12256 [70]).
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References

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    1. Begley, M., C. G. M. Gahan, and C. Hill. 2002. Bile stress response in Listeria monocytogenes LO28: adaptation, cross-protection, and identification of genetic loci involved in bile resistance. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:6005-6012. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Begley, M., C. G. M. Gahan, and C. Hill. 2005. The interaction between bacteria and bile. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 29:625-651. - PubMed

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