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Review
. 2006 Feb 28;12(8):1165-74.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i8.1165.

Etiology and consequences of thrombosis in abdominal vessels

Yusuf Bayraktar  1 , Ozgur Harmanci
Affiliations
Review

Etiology and consequences of thrombosis in abdominal vessels

Yusuf Bayraktar et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

The thrombophilia which can be either congenital or acquired in adult life has major implications in the abdominal vessels. The resulting portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome and mesenteric vein thrombosis have a variety of consequences ranging from acute abdomen to chronic hepatomegaly and even totally asymptomatic patient in whom the only finding is pancytopenia. The complications like esophageal varices, portal gastropathy, ascites, severe hypersplenism, liver failure requiring liver transplantation are well known. Interesting features of collateral venous circulation showing itself as pseudocholangiocarcinoma sign and its possible clinical reflection as cholestasis are also known from a long time. The management strategies for these complications of intraabdominal vessel thrombosis are not different from their counterpart which is cirrhotic portal hypertension, but the prognosis is unquestionably better in former cases. In this review we presented and discussed the abdominal venous thrombosis, etiology and the resulting clinical pictures. There are controversial issues both in nomenclature, and management including anticoagulation problems and follow up strategies. In light of the current knowledge, we discussed some controversial issues in literature and presented our experience and our proposals about this group of patients.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conventional splenoportography showing a case of portal cavernomatous transformation with portosystemic collaterals, and extensive esophageal-gastric varicose veins.
Figure 2
Figure 2
CT-angiography of portal system. Arrow shows the portal cavernomatous transformation with portosystemic collaterals.
Figure 3
Figure 3
ERCP of a patient with portal cavernomatous transformation. Arrow shows the site of depression in the main bile duct.
Figure 4
Figure 4
An MRI venography of hepatic veins and inferior vena cava. Arrow shows the site of obstruction in vena cava and unvisible hepatic veins.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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