Tn554 inserts in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Australia and England: comparison with an American methicillin-resistant group

Abstract

We have compared methicillin-resistant (Mcr) Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Australia, the UK and the USA with regard to chromosomal inserts of the macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B (MLS)-resistance transposon Tn554. The American isolates were known to have a distinctive Tn554 insert, designated insert 6, which was closely associated epidemiologically with the methicillin-resistance phenotype. Southern blots of DNA from Australian and London, UK Mcr isolates were hybridized with a range of probes related to Tn554. The isolates had similar or identical Tn554 inserts, and we consider them to be a single group, designated 'Australondon'. Australondon isolates were compared in detail with a deletion mutant, ANS62, that had lost the methicillin-resistance determinant mec, plus other resistance determinants resident in the mec region of the chromosome, and with an American Mcr isolate containing Tn554 insert 6. The Australondon isolates had three Tn554 inserts. Sequence analysis with the polymerase chain reaction showed that all of these inserts differed from classical Tn554 in that the 3'-terminal residues of the transposons were reverse complements of the usual GATGTA. One of the Australondon inserts, designated 6B, closely resembled Tn554 insert 6 in the sequence of its left flanking chromosomal DNA. This insert was found to abut the deletion from the mec region which results in strain ANS62. We infer that Tn554 insert 6B is part of the mec region of the chromosome in Australondon isolates, supporting the idea that insert 6 of the American isolates is also part of this chromosomal region.