A controlled trial of a low sodium, low fat, high fibre diet in treated hypertensive patients: effect on antihypertensive drug requirement in clinical practice

Abstract

The effect of a low sodium, low fat, high fibre diet in allowing a reduction of antihypertensive medication was compared with the effect produced by the individual components of this diet in an observer-blind controlled trial using 196 patients with essential hypertension. Patients were followed up 1.5 months after the last change in medication. In the control group a 33% reduction in medication was possible, with 24% of patients off medication altogether. The low fat, high fibre and low sodium groups showed larger reductions in medication (38%, 47% and 45% respectively), but not significant compared with the control group. The combination group had the largest and highly significant medication reduction (64%), and significantly more patients stopped medication (57.5%), compared with the control group. Since compliance assessment closely corresponded to normal clinical practice these results should represent what is possible in routine clinical practice. This is of importance as drug treatment has side effects, and may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk not found with dietary alternatives.