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. 2006 Oct;134(5):1052-9.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268806006108. Epub 2006 Mar 29.

Prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in a rural area in Bangladesh

K Zaman  1 , M Yunus, S E Arifeen, A H Baqui, D A Sack, S Hossain, Z Rahim, M Ali, S Banu, M A Islam, N Begum, V Begum, R F Breiman, R E Black
Affiliations

Prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in a rural area in Bangladesh

K Zaman et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2006 Oct.

Abstract

The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in a rural area in Bangladesh at Matlab. A TB surveillance system was established among 106,000 people in rural Bangladesh at Matlab. Trained field workers interviewed all persons aged > or = 15 years to detect suspected cases of TB (cough > 21 days) and sputum specimens of suspected cases were examined for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Of 59,395 persons interviewed, 4235 (7.1%) had a cough for > 21 days. Sputum specimens were examined for AFB from 3834 persons, 52 (1.4%) of them were positive for AFB. The prevalence of chronic cough and sputum positivity were significantly higher among males compared to females (P < 0.001). The population-based prevalence rate of smear-positive TB cases was 95/100,000 among persons aged > or = 15 years. Cases of TB clustered geographically (relative risk 5.53, 95% CI 3.19-9.59). The high burden of TB among rural population warrants appropriate measures to control TB in Bangladesh. The higher prevalence of persistent cough and AFB-positive sputum among males need further exploration. Factors responsible for higher prevalence of TB in clusters should be investigated.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Algorithm for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Category 1 treatment: 2 months (HRZE) and 6 months (HT). Category 2 treatment: 2 months (SHRZE), 1 month (HRZE) and 5 months (HRE). H, isoniazid; R, rifampicin; Z, pyrazinamide; E, ethambutol; T, thiacetazone; S, streptomycin. (Source: adapted from ref. [13].)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Geographic clusters of increased risk of TB, Matlab study area, 2001.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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