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Review
. 2006 Apr:37 Suppl 1:S63-73.
doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2006.02.042. Epub 2006 Apr 11.

Electric stimulation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of nonunions

A E Karamitros  1 , V N Kalentzos, P N Soucacos
Affiliations
Review

Electric stimulation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of nonunions

A E Karamitros et al. Injury. 2006 Apr.

Abstract

Up to 10% of the fractures occurring annually in the U.S. end up in non-union or delayed union. Classical treatment with osteosynthesis and bone grafting is not always successful. Alternatives in treatment have long ago been considered. This article presents current concepts in treatment with electrical stimulation and hyperbaric oxygen, the mechanisms of action, experimental and clinical evidence of their application.

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