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. 2006 Apr;114(4):542-6.
doi: 10.1289/ehp.8506.

The effect of inhaled chromium on different exhaled breath condensate biomarkers among chrome-plating workers

Andrea Caglieri  1 , Matteo Goldoni, Olga Acampa, Roberta Andreoli, Maria Vittoria Vettori, Massimo Corradi, Pietro Apostoli, Antonio Mutti
Affiliations

The effect of inhaled chromium on different exhaled breath condensate biomarkers among chrome-plating workers

Andrea Caglieri et al. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Apr.

Abstract

Chromium is corrosive, cytotoxic, and carcinogenic for humans and can induce acute and chronic lung tissue toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate Cr levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of workers exposed to Cr(VI) and to assess their relationship with biochemical changes in the airways by analyzing EBC biomarkers of oxidative stress, namely, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). EBC samples were collected from 24 chrome-plating workers employed in a chrome-plating plant both before and after the Friday work shift and before the work shift on the following Monday. Cr-EBC levels increased from the beginning (5.3 microg/L) to the end of Friday (6.4 microg/L) but were considerably lower on Monday morning (2.8 microg/L). A similar trend was observed for H2O2-EBC levels (which increased from 0.36 microM to 0.59 microM on Friday and were 0.19 microM on Monday morning) and MDA-EBC levels (which increased from 8.2 nM to 9.7 nM on Friday and were 6.6 nM on Monday). Cr-EBC levels correlated with those of H2O2-EBC (r = 0.54, p < 0.01) and MDA-EBC (r = 0.59, p < 0.01), as well as with urinary Cr levels (r = 0.25, p < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that EBC is a suitable matrix that can be used to investigate both Cr levels and biomarkers of free radical production sampling the epithelial-lining fluid of workers exposed to Cr(VI).

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) TURBO-DECCS condenser. (B) DECCS-system disposable device. PET, polyethylene.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlations, with linear regression lines and Pearson’s r, between environmental airborne Cr (Cr-Air) and Cr-U (A; r = 0.48, p < 0.05) and between Cr-Air and Cr-EBC (B; r = 0.47, p < 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlations between variables, with linear regression lines, Pearson’s r, and significance. (A) Cr-U versus Cr-EBC (r = 0.25, p < 0.05). (B) Cr-EBC versus H2O2-EBC (r = 0.54, p < 0.01). (C) Cr-EBC versus MDA-EBC (r = 0.59, p < 0.01). (D) H2O2-EBC versus MDA-EBC (r = 0.49, p < 0.01). (E) Cr-U versus H2O2 EBC (r = 0.41, p < 0.01). (F) Cr-U versus MDA-EBC (r = 0.19, not significant).
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