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Review
. 2006 Jan 5;124(1):36-41.
doi: 10.1590/s1516-31802006000100008. Epub 2006 Apr 3.

Practical ways to deal with the high burden of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients

José Jayme Galvão de Lima  1
Affiliations
Review

Practical ways to deal with the high burden of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients

José Jayme Galvão de Lima. Sao Paulo Med J. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death among hemodialysis patients. Although uremia by itself may be considered to be a cardiovascular risk factor, a significant proportion of dialysis patients die because of cardiovascular disease not directly attributable to uremia. Indeed, many of the cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors in these patients are common to those occurring in the general population and are amenable to intervention. Lack of proper medical care during the early stages of renal insufficiency and present-day dialysis routines, by failing to correct hypertension, hypervolemia and left ventricular hypertrophy in many patients, may also add to the cardiovascular burden. The author suggests that, in addition to early treatment and referral to a specialist, chronic renal failure patients should undergo intensive cardiovascular screening and treatment, and correction of cardiovascular risk factors based on guidelines established for the general population.

CONTEXTO:: A doença cardiovascular é a principal causa de morte em pacientes tratados por hemodiálise crônica. Embora a uremia por si só possa ser considerada um fator de risco cardiovascular, uma proporção significativa de pacientes tratados por diálise morre devido a problemas cardiovasculares não diretamente atribuíveis à uremia. De fato, muitas das alterações cardiovasculares e fatores de risco cardiovascular observados em pacientes renais crônicos são comuns aos que ocorrem na população geral e podem ser controlados por medidas de comprovada eficácia em indivíduos não-doentes renais. A falta de cuidados médicos apropriados durante as fases iniciais da insuficiência renal e os atuais métodos e rotinas empregadas na diálise, por não conseguirem garantir o controle adequado da hipertensão, hipervolemia e da hipertrofia ventricular, em muitos pacientes, contribuem para o aumento da pletora de problemas cardiovasculares. O autor sugere que, em adição à instituição de tratamento adequado e envio precoce aos especialistas, doentes renais crônicos devam ser submetidos a avaliação cardiovascular minuciosa visando o tratamento das alterações cardiovasculares e correção dos fatores de risco baseados nas diretivas estabelecidas para a população geral.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: Not declared.

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