Hormone therapy and breast cancer: what factors modify the association?
- PMID: 16645531
- DOI: 10.1097/01.gme.0000177317.85887.65
Hormone therapy and breast cancer: what factors modify the association?
Abstract
Objective: To determine factors that may modify the association between hormone therapy (HT) and breast cancer risk.
Design: Prospective cohort study (the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study) of 24,479 women aged 40 to 69 years. History of HT use was collected at baseline and 4 years later by questionnaire. By June 2002, 336 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed among 13,444 women postmenopausal at baseline. Association of breast cancer risk with history of HT use was analyzed using proportional hazards models.
Results: The hazard ratio (HR) for recent HT use (current or stopped within the last year) was elevated (HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.16-1.98) but was not significantly increased for past HT users (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 0.86-1.64). Recent HT use was associated with better differentiated tumors but was not more likely to be associated with estrogen receptor-positive / progesterone receptor-positive tumors. There was little evidence of interactions between recent HT use and body mass index, alcohol intake, parity, and smoking, although the HR for recent HT use in categories of alcohol consumption was greatest in women consuming the most alcohol (HR 2.37; 95% CI, 1.45-3.88 for those consuming > or = 10 g/d versus HR 1.33; 95% CI, 0.85-2.08 for nondrinkers, P interaction = 0.32).
Conclusions: The risk of breast cancer for recent users of HT in this Australian population is increased by approximately 50%. Our results suggest that any potential modifying effect of the association between HT and breast cancer risk by factors such as alcohol intake and body mass index is likely to be modest.
Comment in
-
Hormone therapy and breast cancer risk: trumping fear with facts.Menopause. 2006 Mar-Apr;13(2):160-3. doi: 10.1097/01.gme.0000196814.41871.ff. Menopause. 2006. PMID: 16645526 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study.Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Mar 15;165(6):667-76. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwk054. Epub 2007 Jan 4. Am J Epidemiol. 2007. PMID: 17204515
-
Breast cancer risk factors and second primary malignancies among women with breast cancer.Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Oct;105(2):195-207. doi: 10.1007/s10549-006-9446-y. Epub 2006 Dec 21. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007. PMID: 17186360
-
Lifetime alcohol intake and breast cancer risk.Ann Epidemiol. 2006 Mar;16(3):230-40. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.06.048. Epub 2005 Oct 17. Ann Epidemiol. 2006. PMID: 16230024
-
Estrogen and combined estrogen-progestogen therapy in the menopause and breast cancer.Breast. 2004 Dec;13(6):515-8. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2004.07.006. Breast. 2004. PMID: 15563861 Review.
-
Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) in patients with breast cancer.Maturitas. 2006 Jan 20;53(2):123-32. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.03.004. Maturitas. 2006. PMID: 16368466 Review.
Cited by
-
The Premenopausal Breast Cancer Collaboration: A Pooling Project of Studies Participating in the National Cancer Institute Cohort Consortium.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017 Sep;26(9):1360-1369. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0246. Epub 2017 Jun 9. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017. PMID: 28600297 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Long term absence of invasive breast cancer diagnosis in 2,402,672 pre and postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS One. 2020 Sep 10;15(9):e0237925. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237925. eCollection 2020. PLoS One. 2020. PMID: 32911496 Free PMC article.
-
Efficacy of Rubus coreanus Miq. and Astragalus membranaceus Bunge Extract for Postmenopausal Syndrome: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo Comparative Clinical Trial.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Feb 23;2022:4066054. doi: 10.1155/2022/4066054. eCollection 2022. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022. PMID: 35251207 Free PMC article.
-
Invasive Breast Cancer Incidence in 2,305,427 Screened Asymptomatic Women: Estimated Long Term Outcomes during Menopause Using a Systematic Review.PLoS One. 2015 Jun 24;10(6):e0128895. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128895. eCollection 2015. PLoS One. 2015. PMID: 26107183 Free PMC article.
-
Menopausal Hormone Therapy use and breast cancer risk by receptor subtypes: Results from the New South Wales Cancer Lifestyle and EvaluAtion of Risk (CLEAR) study.PLoS One. 2018 Nov 7;13(11):e0205034. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205034. eCollection 2018. PLoS One. 2018. PMID: 30403669 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials
Miscellaneous