Potentiation of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in red light by small quantities of monochromatic blue light

Abstract

Growth of the giant unicellular green alga, Acetabularia crenulata, stops in red light of broad spectral composition, but can be restored by the addition of small quantities of blue light. Long-term records of O(2) evolution indicate that the photosynthesis of Acetabularia responds in a parallel manner to blue light. Cells photosynthesizing at a light-limited rate in white light were given red light at an intensity that served to match or somewhat increase the instantaneous rate of O(2) production. A rapid decline in the rate commenced within 15 minutes and continued for 2 hours or more until it had fallen to 20 to 40% of the initial level. Very small doses of violet or blue radiation (<10(-8) Einstein/cm(2)) then affected a complete, though temporary, restoration of the original rate of photosynthesis. Responses began after a lag of 4 to 5 minutes, regardless of their magnitude, and in the most favorable instances persisted 4 to 6 hours after the stimulus. Blue light treatments were effective as flashes as brief as 2.5 seconds, given simultaneously or in sequence with the red measuring light, or as low-intensity continuous irradiations. Blue-light induction of the response was stable over at least 5 minutes of darkness. After a suitable red-light pretreatment, 2 other algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardi and Fucus vesiculosus, were shown to respond similarly to low-intensity irradiations with blue or blue-green light.Crude action spectra were determined for the response of Acetabularia to short wavelength irradiations given simultaneously or sequentially with the red measuring light. Two peaks of effectiveness were found, one near 450 mmu, and another, as yet ill defined, in the near UV. The data suggest a shoulder around 490 mmu. All wavelengths above 540 mmu were entirely ineffective.