Factors That Influence the Activity of 2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one on Erwinia Species in Growth Assays

Abstract

Factors affecting the inhibitory activity of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) against Erwinia carotovora, a nonpathogen of Zea mays L., and against a maize pathovar of Erwinia chrysanthemi (ECZ) were examined. Most experiments were performed with DIMBOA dissolved in a bacterial growth medium containing 10 g/liter of sucrose, inorganic salts, and 1 g/liter of casamino acids at pH 6.75. When temperature and pH were held constant, inhibition of E. carotovora varied linearly with the logarithm of the initial cell population. By altering temperatures, assays with constant pH and initial cell populations were performed under conditions of varying DIMBOA stability. When E. carotovora was grown at 24, 28, 32, and 36 C in the presence of 0.1 to 0.5 mm DIMBOA, the inhibition of bacterial growth was maintained long after DIMBOA had decomposed in the medium to levels which, if added initially, would not have been inhibitory. When assays were performed at pH 5.5, the pH of aqueous maize extracts, E. carotovora was more inhibited than at pH 6.75; however, ECZ was substantially less inhibited at the lower pH.