Enzymes of General Phenylpropanoid Metabolism and of Flavonoid Glycoside Biosynthesis in Parsley: Differential Inducibility by Light during the Growth of Cell Suspension Cultures

Abstract

Several enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism showed large changes in their inducibility by light during the growth cycle of cell suspension cultures from parsley (Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.). Two of the three enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism (group I) and six of the approximately 13 enzymes of the flavone and flavonol glycoside pathways (group II) were investigated. Both enzymes of group I (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase) were most efficiently induced at two different stages: first, soon after starting a new culture, and second, near the beginning of the stationary phase. In contrast, the enzymes of group II (acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, flavanone synthase, chalcone isomerase, UDP-apiose synthase, and at least one of two malonyltransferases) were maximally induced during exponential growth of the culture. This result supports the conclusions drawn from previous data that the two groups are regulated differentially and that the enzymes within each group are regulated in a coordinated manner.