Light-dependent kinetics of 2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate metabolism and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity in vivo

Abstract

The light-dependent kinetics of the apparent in vivo synthesis and degradation of 2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate (CA1P) were studied in three species of higher plants which differ in the extent to which this compound is involved in the light-dependent regulation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) activity. Detailed studies with Phaseolus vulgaris indicate that both the degradation and synthesis of this compound are light-stimulated, although light is absolutely required only for CA1P degradation. We hypothesize that the steady state level of CAIP at any particular photon flux density (PFD) represents a pseudo-steady state balance between ongoing synthesis and degradation of this compound. The rate of CA1P synthesis in P. vulgaris and the resultant reduction in the total catalytic constant of Rubisco were maximal at 200 micromoles quanta per square meter per second following a step decrease from a saturating PFD, and substantially faster than the rate of synthesis in the dark. Under these conditions an amount of CA1P equivalent to approximately 25% of the Rubisco catalytic site content was synthesized in less than 1 minute. The rate of synthesis was reduced at higher or lower PFDs. In Beta vulgaris, the rate of CA1P synthesis at 200 micromoles quanta per square meter per second was substantially slower than in P. vulgaris. In Spinacea oleracea, an apparent noncatalytic tight-binding of RuBP to deactivated sites on the enzyme was found to occur following a step decrease in PFD. When dark acclimated leaves of P. vulgaris were exposed to a step increase in PFD, the initial rate of CA1P degradation was also found to be dependent on PFD up to a maximum of approximately 300 to 400 micromoles quanta per square meter per second. The rate of degradation of this compound was similar in B. vulgaris. In S. oleracea, a step increase in PFD resulted in noncatalytic RuBP binding to Rubisco followed by an apparent release of RuBP and activation of the enzyme. The in vivo rate of change of Rubisco activity in response to an increase or decrease in PFD was similar between species despite the differences between species in the mechanisms used for the regulation of this enzyme's activity.