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Review
. 2006 Jun;80(11):5104-12.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.02346-05.

Murine norovirus: a model system to study norovirus biology and pathogenesis

Christiane E Wobus  1 , Larissa B Thackray, Herbert W Virgin 4th
Affiliations
Review

Murine norovirus: a model system to study norovirus biology and pathogenesis

Christiane E Wobus et al. J Virol. 2006 Jun.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Phylogenic analysis of the Caliciviridae. Maximum parsimony analysis was performed using the PAUP* program on an alignment of the capsid protein sequence of MNV-1 with capsid protein sequences of representative members of the four genera of Caliciviridae. The numbers below the branches indicate bootstrap values exceeding 50%. Neighbor-joining analysis uncovered a topologically identical tree with very similar bootstrap values (data not shown). Capsid protein sequences were derived from murine norovirus 1 (GenBank accession no. AY228235), human norovirus (HuNoV) Alphatron (AF195847), HuNoV Bristol (X76716), porcine norovirus (PoNoV) SW918 (AB074893), HuNoV Hawaii (U07611), HuNoV M7 (AY130761), bovine norovirus (BoNoV) CH126 (AF320625), BoNoV Jena (AJ011099), HuNoV Winchester (AJ277609), HuNoV Chiba (AB042808), HuNoV Norwalk (M87661), European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV; Z69620), rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV; M67473), feline calicivirus (FCV; L40021), primate calicivirus (PCV; AF091736), rabbit vesivirus (AJ866991), porcine sapovirus (PoSaV) Cowden (AF182760), human sapovirus (HuSaV) London (U95645), HuSaV Houston 86 (U95643), HuSaV Houston 90 (U95644), and VP1 of poliovirus 1 Mahoney (V01149).
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Genome organization of NV and MNV-1. Cleavage sites in NV and MNV-1 are indicated by open arrows, and the amino acids surrounding the cleavage site are also shown (, , ; Sosnovtsev et al., unpublished). The subgenomic RNA is shown below the genomic RNA. The presence of a viral protein linked to genomic and subgenomic RNA (VPg) is predicted, but not proven, for noroviruses.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Identification of MNV cellular and tissue tropism. (A) MNV has a tropism for cells of macrophage and dendritic cell-like morphology in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was performed on sections from liver and spleen 2 days postinoculation (2dpi) with a peroral (po) dose of MNV-1 (75). Resident macrophages of the liver or Kupffer cells (K) and cells in the spleen consistent with macrophage (indicated by an arrow) and dendritic cellmorphology and localization stain with an anti-MNV-1 antibody. RP, red pulp; WP, white pulp. (B) MNV has a tropism for macrophages and dendritic cells in vitro. Bone marrow precursors were cultured in macrophage colony stimulating factor (+MCSF) or granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (+GM-CSF) to generate macrophages (Mφ) and dendritic cells (DC), respectively (75). Monolayers of STAT1−/− macrophages or dendritic cells show cytopathic effects 2 days postinoculation (2dpi) with MNV-1.
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References

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