Racial and ethnic disparities in infant and maternal mortality

Abstract

Despite marked improvements in lowering infant and maternal mortality rates, certain racial and ethnic groups have benefited less. The reasons for these inequalities are many and complex. This article reviews the literature to assess the extent and reasons for the disparate outcomes in infant and maternal mortality rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Some strategies aimed at reducing these disparities are also highlighted. A systematic search of OVID-MEDLINE (1970-2005) electronic databases was conducted. This review, which contains data mostly on Black/White disparities, suggests that infant and maternal mortality rates differ among racial and ethnic groups. Potential strategies to ameliorate these differences include continued funding for community health centers, equitable and timely access to health care, and training of more minority physicians. In addition, continued research on the role of stress in preterm delivery among some minority women is important in any effort to lower these disparities.