Factors predicting seizure outcome of anterior temporal lobectomy for patients with mesial temporal sclerosis

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the factors, including those associated with ictal scalp EEG results, related to surgical outcome in patients with pathologically proven mesial temporal sclerosis.

Methods: We studied 51 consecutive patients who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy and had at least 4 years of follow-up. Surgical outcome was classified as being seizure-free or not seizure-free during the first two and the subsequent two postoperative years. Clinical variables and scalp EEG parameters were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results: Of the 51 patients, 36 (70.6%) were seizure-free during postoperative years 3 and 4. Logistic regression analysis revealed that seizure remission for the first 2 years (p = 0.002) and contralateral propagated ictal discharges (p = 0.015) were independently related to seizure outcome at 4 years. Patients who were seizure-free at 2 years had an 86.5% chance of remaining seizure-free at 4 years. Of the patients without bitemporal asynchrony or switch of lateralization, 88.9% were seizure free at 4 years, compared with 54.5% of patients with asynchrony or switch of lateralization (p = 0.007). These two factors, however, were not predictive of seizure outcome at 2 years.

Conclusions: Contralateral propagated ictal discharges, including bitemporal asynchrony and switch of lateralization, unfavorably influence long-term seizure outcome. Long-term seizure control is best when the patient has no such propagation patterns of ictal discharges and is seizure-free during the first 2 years after temporal lobectomy.