Poly-L-lactic acid for treating HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy: a review of the clinical studies

Abstract

Facial lipoatrophy can be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), impacting severely on quality of life. Various treatments have been investigated, including poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). Four studies have investigated the efficacy of PLLA in the correction of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy. The studies: VEGA, Chelsea and Westminster, APEX002 and Blue Pacific involved 50, 30, 99 and 99 patients, respectively, exhibiting HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy. Follow-up ranged from 24-96 weeks. Measures of treatment efficacy included ultrasound and subjective measures. Significant, long-lasting increases in dermal thickness were recorded and in all four studies, a subjective improvement was reported by patients and investigators in facial appearance and quality of life. Treatment was well tolerated. Small, non-bothersome subcutaneous papules were the only device-related adverse events observed. PLLA represents a promising treatment option for HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy. The procedure requires minimal "downtime" and provides long-lasting results without the need for invasive surgery.