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. 2006 Jul;72(7):4811-8.
doi: 10.1128/AEM.00472-06.

Optimization of a sampling system for recovery and detection of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and swine influenza virus

J R Hermann  1 , S J Hoff, K J Yoon, A C Burkhardt, R B Evans, J J Zimmerman
Affiliations

Optimization of a sampling system for recovery and detection of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and swine influenza virus

J R Hermann et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jul.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to optimize sampling parameters for increased recovery and detection of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza virus (SIV). Collection media containing antifoams, activated carbons, protectants, and ethylene glycol were evaluated for direct effects on factors impacting the detection of PRRSV and SIV, including virus infectivity, viability of continuous cell lines used for the isolation of these viruses, and performance of reverse transcriptase PCR assays. The results showed that specific compounds influenced the likelihood of detecting PRRSV and SIV in collection medium. A subsequent study evaluated the effects of collection medium, impinger model, and sampling time on the recovery of aerosolized PRRSV using a method for making direct comparisons of up to six treatments simultaneously. The results demonstrated that various components in air-sampling systems, including collection medium, impinger model, and sampling time, independently influenced the recovery and detection of PRRSV and/or SIV. Interestingly, it was demonstrated that a 20% solution of ethylene glycol collected the greatest quantity of aerosolized PRRSV, which suggests the possibility of sampling at temperatures below freezing. Based on the results of these experiments, it is recommended that air-sampling systems be optimized for the target pathogen(s) and that recovery/detection results should be interpreted in the context of the actual performance of the system.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Illustration of the experimental design to optimize sampling time, collection media, and impingers for aerosolized PRRS virus. (A) Collison nebulizer. (B) Glass carboy. (C) AGI-30 impingers.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Quantity of PRRSV in Collison nebulizer during operation.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Collection of aerosolized PRRSV by impinger.
FIG. 4.
FIG. 4.
Collection of aerosolized PRRSV by collection medium treatment.
FIG. 5.
FIG. 5.
Aerosolized PRRS virus collected over time.
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