Pilot feasibility studies of leukocytapheresis with the Adacolumn Apheresis System in patients with active ulcerative colitis or Crohn disease

Abstract

Goals: Two uncontrolled, multicenter feasibility studies evaluated safety and pilot efficacy of selective granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GMA) with the Adacolumn Apheresis System for treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) patients refractory/intolerant to conventional pharmacologic therapy.

Background: Patients with UC and CD, characterized by elevations in peripheral blood granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and proinflammatory mediators, may benefit from reductions in activated granulocytes and monocytes by selective apheresis.

Methods: Patients underwent weekly Adacolumn sessions for 5 weeks. Pilot efficacy assessments used disease activity index (DAI) for UC (0-12) or CD activity index (CDAI; 0-600) for CD.

Results: Eleven of 15 UC patients completed all 5 treatments. Mean DAI scores fell from 8.4+/-1.3 (baseline) to 5.2+/-2.9 (week 7). Five patients had DAI reductions of > or = 3 points at week 7. Fourteen of 15 CD patients completed all 5 treatments. Mean CDAI scores fell from 308.0+/-76.5 (baseline) to 200.6+/-117.4 (week 7). Nine CD patients responded (CDAI reductions > or = 70 points) at week 7. Remission (CDAI score < or = 150 at week 7) was observed in 6 patients. There were no device-related serious adverse effects.

Conclusions: Treatment with Adacolumn may be feasible and effective in patients with moderate-to-severe refractory inflammatory bowel disease. Larger sham-controlled studies are ongoing.