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Comparative Study
. 2006 Aug;75(2):199-204.

Serum antibody levels to glycosylphosphatidylinositols in specimens derived from matched Malian children with severe or uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria and healthy controls

Yacouba Cissoko  1 , Modibo Daou, Kirsten E Lyke, Alassane Dicko, Issa Diarra, Abdoulaye Kone, Ando Guindo, Karim Traore, Gowdahalli Krishnegowda, Dapa A Diallo, Ogobara K Doumbo, Christopher V Plowe, D Channe Gowda, Marcelo B Sztein
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Serum antibody levels to glycosylphosphatidylinositols in specimens derived from matched Malian children with severe or uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria and healthy controls

Yacouba Cissoko et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Aug.

Abstract

Neutralizing antibodies to glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), which are Plasmodium falciparum surface protein anchor molecules implicated in malaria pathogenesis, are thought to protect against symptomatic malaria. Index cases of severe malaria in Malian children 3 months to 14 years of age were matched by age and residence to uncomplicated malaria and healthy controls. Serum antibodies to GPI (IgM and IgG) were measured at the time of severe malaria and after the malaria transmission season. The mean optical density values for IgM and IgG antibodies were higher in children with severe or uncomplicated malaria compared with healthy controls. Similarly, higher percentages of children with IgM and IgG antibodies to GPI were observed in the severe malaria group compared with matched healthy controls. IgG antibody levels to GPI were highest among children with cerebral malaria and children who died. The IgG antibody levels to GPI peaked during periods of malaria transmission and decreased after malaria transmission ended. A direct correlation between age and parasitemia and IgG antibodies to GPI was observed. In summary, higher levels of IgM and IgG antibodies to GPI in young children were associated with disease severity and were short-lived.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mean optical density (O.D.) values of a, IgM and b, IgG antibodies to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) in all enrolled Malian children stratified by age in months and by age-and residence-matched disease cohort (severe malaria, uncomplicated [mild] malaria, and healthy controls. Error bars show the standard error (SE). The threshold for seropositivity (> 3 SE of the mean of unexposed volunteers) is indicated by the dotted horizontal line.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of Malian children positive for a, IgM b, IgG antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). The results are stratified by age in months and by age-and residence-matched disease cohort (severe malaria, uncomplicated [mild] malaria, and healthy controls). The number of children in each age group is indicated.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean optical density (O.D.) values of a, IgM and b, IgG antibodies to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) in Malian children with severe or uncomplicated [mild] malaria or healthy controls based on the period of enrollment (Early = July–September, Mid = October–November, and End = December–January) within the transmission season. The asterisk in a indicates a significant elevation in early transmission compared with both the middle and the end of the transmission season (P < 0.05). The asterisk in b indicates a significant elevation in midseason compared with the early season in the severe and uncomplicated malaria cohorts and healthy controls (P < 0.05). A significant difference between the mean midseason OD and the mean end season OD was observed for the severe and uncomplicated malaria cohort groups but not the healthy controls. Error bars show the standard error (SE). The threshold for seropositivity (>3 SE of the mean of unexposed volunteers) is indicated by the dotted horizontal line.
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