Videolaparoscopic appendectomy: the current outlook

Abstract

Background: Mini-invasive techniques have revolutionized surgery, but the superiority of laparoscopic access for appendectomy is widely debated. The authors analyze their monocentric experience with 1,347 laparoscopic appendectomies.

Methods: Between October 1991 and December 2002, all the patients with an indication for appendectomy underwent surgery (301 emergency and 1,046 interval appendectomies) using the laparoscopic approach.

Results: For 1,248 patients, appendectomy was performed laparoscopically, whereas for 99 patients (7.3%), it was converted to an open procedure because of technical reasons (90 patients, 6.7%) or intraoperative complications (9 patients, 0.6%). For 59 patients (4.4%), the appendectomy was associated with another procedure. Histology showed "acute" alterations in 261 of the 301 emergency surgeries and in 148 of the 1,046 elective operations. Postoperative complications arose in 37 patients (2.7%), with 5 patients (0.3%) requiring invasive treatment. The mean postoperative stay was 30 h.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic appendectomy offers unquestionable advantages, but it is not yet considered the "gold standard" for appendiceal pathology. Many centers reserve it for selected patients (e.g., obese patients and women suspected of having other pathologies). No randomized trials or metaanalyses have definitively proved its superiority.