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Comparative Study
. 2006 Nov;21(11):1178-83.
doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00586.x. Epub 2006 Aug 9.

Persistent depression affects adherence to secondary prevention behaviors after acute coronary syndromes

Ian M Kronish  1 , Nina Rieckmann, Ethan A Halm, Daichi Shimbo, David Vorchheimer, Donald C Haas, Karina W Davidson
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Persistent depression affects adherence to secondary prevention behaviors after acute coronary syndromes

Ian M Kronish et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2006 Nov.

Abstract

Background: The persistence of depressive symptoms after hospitalization is a strong risk factor for mortality after acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Poor adherence to secondary prevention behaviors may be a mediator of the relationship between depression and increased mortality.

Objective: To determine whether rates of adherence to risk reducing behaviors were affected by depressive status during hospitalization and 3 months later.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Three university hospitals.

Participants: Five hundred and sixty patients were enrolled within 7 days after ACS. Of these, 492 (88%) patients completed 3-month follow-up.

Measurements: We used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depressive symptoms in the hospital and 3 months after discharge. We assessed adherence to 5 risk-reducing behaviors by patient self-report at 3 months. We used chi2 analysis to compare differences in adherence among 3 groups: persistently nondepressed (BDI < 10 at hospitalization and 3 months); remittent depressed (BDI > or = 10 at hospitalization; < 10 at 3 months); and persistently depressed patients (BDI > or = 10 at hospitalization and 3 months).

Results: Compared with persistently nondepressed, persistently depressed patients reported lower rates of adherence to quitting smoking (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.23, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.05 to 0.97), taking medications (adjusted OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.95), exercising (adjusted OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.95), and attending cardiac rehabilitation (adjusted OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.91). There were no significant differences between remittent depressed and persistently nondepressed patients.

Conclusions: Persistently depressed patients were less likely to adhere to behaviors that reduce the risk of recurrent ACS. Differences in adherence to these behaviors may explain in part why depression predicts mortality after ACS.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Study flowchart. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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