Subarachnoid hemorrhage is followed by temporomesial volume loss: MRI volumetric study

Abstract

Objective: To assess whether subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its treatment is followed by volume loss in temporomesial structures.

Methods: One hundred fifty-five consecutive patients with aneurysmal SAH were randomly assigned to surgical or endovascular treatment. Volumetric MRI was performed in 77 SAH patients with good or moderate clinical outcome 1 year after hemorrhage. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was used to evaluate the cognitive performance of the subjects. Thirty healthy individuals were imaged as MRI controls.

Results: The normalized hippocampal (HC) volumes were 24.7/23.7 (right/left), and the amygdaloid (AM) volumes were 21.0/20.5 in the matched control population. In SAH patients, the corresponding volumes were smaller, HC 23.2/21.3 (p = 0.072/0.002) and AM 18.4/18.7 (p = 0.012/0.045). In addition, the AM ipsilateral to the ruptured aneurysm was smaller in patients who had undergone surgical treatment (15.7) vs endovascular treatment (20.3; p < 0.001). Treatment modality did not significantly affect the measured HC volumes. The hippocampal but not amygdaloid volumes correlated with the scores of several neuropsychological tests.

Conclusion: Subarachnoid hemorrhage and its treatment may be followed by atrophy in temporomesial structures. A clear correlation was demonstrated between neuropsychological performance and reduced temporomesial volumes.