cis-4,7,10,trans-1 3-22:4 fatty acid distribution in phospholipids of pectinid species Aequipecten opercularis and Pecten maximus

Abstract

The distribution of cis-4,7,10,trans-13-docosatetraenoic (c4,7,10,t13-22:4), a peculiar FA previously isolated in the glycerophospholipids of some pectinid bivalves, was investigated in glycerophospholipid classes and subclasses of separated organs (gills, mantle, gonads, and muscle) of the queen scallop Aequipecten opercularis and the king scallop Pecten maximus. Plasmalogen (Pls) and diacyl + alkyl (Ptd) forms of serine, ethanolamine, and choline glycerophospholipids were isolated by HPLC and their FA compositions analyzed by GC-FID. PIs and Ptd forms of serine glycerophospholipids (PlsSer and PtdSer), and to a lesser extend the Pls form of ethanolamine glycerophospholipids (PlsEtn), were found to be specifically enriched with c4,7,10,t13-22:4. This specificity was found to decrease in the tested organs in the following order: gills, mantle, gonad, and muscle. In gills, c4,7,10,t13-22:4 was shown to be the main unsaturated FA of serine glycerophospholipids in both Pls and Ptd forms (23.8 and 19.4 mol%, respectively, for A. opercularis, and 21.0 and 26.2 mol% for P. maximus). These results represent the first comprehensive report on the FA composition of plasmalogen serine subclass isolated from pectinid bivalves. The specific association of the PlsSer with the c4,7,10,t13-22:4 for the two pectinid species can be paralleled to the specific association of the PlsSer with the non-methylene interrupted (NMI) FA and 20:1 (n-11) observed in mussels, clams, and oysters (Kraffe, E., Soudant, P., and Marty, Y. (2004) Fatty Acids of Serine, Ethanolamine and Choline Plasmalogens in Some Marine Bivalves, Lipids 39, 59-66.) This, led us to hypothesize a similar functional significance for c4,7,10,t13-22:4, NMI FA, and 20:1 (n-11) associated with PlsSer subclass of bivalves.