Aluminum transfer as glutamate complex through blood-brain barrier. Possible implication in dialysis encephalopathy

Abstract

In vitro distribution of aluminium between plasma and erythrocytes has been studied in the presence of variable amounts of sodium L-glutamate. With a red blood cell suspension in isotonic sodium chloride, aluminium remains confined in erythrocytes even when the sodium L-glutamate concentration increases in the medium. Aluminium initially present in plasma penetrates red blood cells when sodium L-glutamate increases in whole blood, showing that this metal is able in vitro to cross the erythrocyte membrane as glutamate complex. In vivo experiments with male Wistar rats prove that aluminium is also able to pass the blood--brain barrier as glutamate complex and deposit in the brain cortex.