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. 2006 Aug;12(8):1223-30.
doi: 10.3201/eid1708.060017.

Macrolide resistance in adults with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia

Joshua P Metlay  1 , Neil O Fishman, Marshall M Joffe, Michael J Kallan, Jesse L Chittams, Paul H Edelstein
Affiliations

Macrolide resistance in adults with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia

Joshua P Metlay et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Aug.

Abstract

We conducted a case-control study of adults with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia to identify factors associated with macrolide resistance. Study participants were identified through population-based surveillance in a 5-county region surrounding Philadelphia. Forty-three hospitals contributed 444 patients, who were interviewed by telephone regarding potential risk factors. In multivariable analyses, prior exposure to a macrolide antimicrobial agent (odds ratio [OR] 2.8), prior flu vaccination (OR 2.0), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 4.1) were independently associated with an increased probability of macrolide resistance, and a history of stroke was independently associated with a decreased probability of macrolide resistance (OR 0.2). Fifty-five percent of patients with macrolide-resistant infections reported no antimicrobial drug exposure in the preceding 6 months. Among patients who reported taking antimicrobial agents in the 6 months preceding infection, failure to complete the course of prescribed drugs was associated with an increased probability of macrolide resistance (OR 3.4).

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Figure
Figure
MIC distribution of resistant isolates. This figure displays the proportion of resistant isolates at each MIC. Isolates with clindamycin susceptibility are analyzed separately from isolates with clindamycin resistance. The total number of isolates is 76.
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